Cat Cold: How It Manifests and How to Treat It

Cat Cold: A Common Illness in Kittens

Cat colds are a common illness among kittens, with symptoms that are quite characteristic, and most cat owners have encountered them at some point. Infection occurs through contact with a healthy cat, an infected person, or a contaminated environment. Two viruses are responsible for this illness: FHV-1 and FCV-1. This article discusses the symptoms and treatments for feline upper respiratory infections.

What is Cat Cold?

The disease caused by both FHV-1 and FCV-1 viruses presents similar symptoms, though FHV-1 infections can result in a more severe course. Symptoms also vary widely when secondary bacterial infections are present. The first warning signs are sneezing, reduced appetite, and a fever that leads to lethargy. Soon after, nasal discharge and conjunctivitis may occur, often accompanied by tearing. The discharge from the nose and eyes can dry up, making it difficult for the cat to see and breathe. In kittens, corneal inflammation might also develop. There may also be ulcers in the mouth, sometimes affecting the gums or lips.



Without treatment and with worsening weakness, blindness or even permanent vision loss may occur. Pneumonia is a potential complication related to breathing difficulties, which is why timely intervention and a vet consultation are crucial. The vet diagnoses the condition based on clinical symptoms, throat exams, and blood test results. Treatment involves administering medications to stimulate the cat’s immune system, and antibiotics are used for secondary bacterial infections.

Caring for a Cat with a Cold

For pets returning home after a vet visit, proper care is essential. It’s crucial to encourage your cat to eat by offering favorite treats or aromatic foods, as their sense of smell may be weakened. Mouth ulcers can make eating painful, so it’s helpful to crush or soften food to reduce discomfort. Sometimes, cats may require special veterinary diets. Breathing issues can be alleviated through saline inhalation or by humidifying the air in the home.

Prevention through Vaccination

Vaccination against FHV-1 and FCV-1 plays an important role in preventing cat colds. Kittens should be taken to the vet for vaccination before they lose the maternal antibodies obtained through colostrum. However, the vaccine doesn’t completely eliminate the risk but significantly reduces the likelihood of infection.